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        <Title><![CDATA[Ahiak Herd]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[The density maps were derived from caribou collar telemetry data collected at various times between 1993 and 2012. The seasonal density datasets were analyzed to identify seasonal home ranges (the area each subpopulation occupies within a specified date range). Within each seasonal range, core areas were identified for each of the seasons by examining the utilization distributions within each range - the probability of finding a caribou within the range within the specified season. The core areas represent those locations where there is a 95% probability of caribou being present. Eight major life cycles or seasons (spring migration, calving core seasonal range, summer core, late summer, fall migration (pre-breeding), rut/breeding, fall migration (post-breeding) and winter core)are defined for all herds with the exception of the Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula herd, which has 6 seasons defined, combining the summer core/late summer range and the fall migration(post-breeding)/winter core range. Date ranges are provide for each individual herd's seasonal ranges.**The early summer season (July) is a period of high sensitivity and that extra consideration for mitigation is necessary in this period.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Barren Ground Caribou Annual Range and Calving Areas]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula Herd]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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          <Title><![CDATA[Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula Herd]]></Title>
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        <Name>12</Name>
        <Title><![CDATA[Qamanirjuaq Herd]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Barren-ground caribou annual ranges and calving areas by herd (i.e. subpopulation). The supplementary table BIO_ENR_WFE_SARA_AttributeTable contains additional attribute information for this species and its status and range in the NWT. All barren-ground caribou subpopulations considered by COSEWIC (2016) as part of Designatable Unit 3 are included in this shapefile. See COSEWIC (2011) for details on the Designatable Unit. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) is as described by Nagy et al. (2011) for the Qamanirjuaq, Ahiak (i.e. Queen Maud Gulf), Beverly, Bathurst, Bluenose-East, Bluenose-West, Cape Bathurst, Lorillard and Wager Bay subpopulations. Other types of caribou (e.g. Dolphin and Union, Peary, mountain woodland, boreal woodland) are not included. Their ranges are available as separate NWT species at risk range shapefiles. Some of their ranges overlap with the barren-ground caribou ranges in this shapefile.Important notes: There is year-to-year variation in the areas used by barren-ground caribou, and there has been range contraction for several herds as they have reached lower numbers. Range information is being updated and is subject to change.If shapefiles are being used to consider potential impacts of development on barren-ground caribou, Environment and Natural Resources recommends seeking further information on seasonal ranges.Polygons were derived using collar data from Government of Nunavut, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yukon Environment and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. “Collar data” provide information on range use by caribou that were collected over many years by remotely tracking locations of caribou fitted with radio-collars using satellite telemetry. Composite shapefile was developed by GNWT ENR, Yellowknife. Details on the origin of each polygon are provided in the table below:Herd (subpopulation)Annual rangeCalving areaPorcupineObtained from the Porcupine Caribou Technical Committee. As displayed on the Porcupine Caribou Management Board website (http://www.pcmb.ca/images/habitat/PCH-Rangemap2.jpg)Prepared by K. Poole (Poole 2011) for CARMA (2012). Cumulative extent of calving (1-21 June) from 1985 – 2010. 90% fixed kernel polygon using all available satellite collar data, obtained from Yukon Environment, combined among years.Tuktoyaktuk PeninsulaCreated byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013. Produced using caribou collar telemetry data 2006-2012. Contours accumulate the number of unique marked individuals that visit within a 10x10km cell; The contour shown by this polygon is 5%. The percentages are based on the highest count (=100%) of unique collared individuals for that herd occurring within any 10km x 10km block, illustrating the relative degree of use of specific land areas over a defined period of time. Created byA. D'Hont, ENR in 2013.Cape BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground A from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-WestGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground B from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Bluenose-EastGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground C from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BathurstGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008Calving ground D from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1BeverlyGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1995-2008There are 2 polygons, a northern and a southern calving ground. Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1957-2011) and telemetry (1996-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving grounds E-1 and F).AhiakGeneralized annual range polygon for ‘Queen Maud Gulf’ from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1996-2008. In 2017, the Ahiak annual range was extended by B.Fournier (ENR) to cover the Queen Maud Gulf calving area produced by J.Nagy, when it was discovered that 2 areas in the northwest and northeast of the calving area were not covered by the annual range polygon.Calving ground E from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1QamanirjuaqGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1993-2008Based on BQCMB compilation of all data from government surveys (1963-2008) and telemetry (1993-2012). See Poole (2011) for details.Polygons are as displayed by BQCMB (2014) as well as Nagy et al. (2011, Fig. 1, calving ground G).LorillardGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 1998-2007Calving ground H from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Wager BayGeneralized annual range polygon from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 3, based on mean 90% utilization distribution from accumulated collar data 2000-2006Calving ground I from Nagy et al. (2011) Fig. 1Boothia PeninsulaAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by COSEWIC (J. Ray) in 2015.Polygon not availableSouthampton IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableCoats IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, as instructed by Mitch Campbell (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Used entire island as there were no quantitative seasonal range data available.Polygon not availableBaffin IslandAs shown in COSEWIC (2016) Fig. 2. Digitized by B. Fournier, ENR, from an image provided by Troy Pretzlaw (Govt of NU) in 2014, for the COSEWIC report. Polygon not availableAcronyms:BQCMB = Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management BoardCARMA = CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment NetworkCOSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in CanadaReferences cited in table:BQCMB. 2014. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Plan 2013-2022. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board, Stonewall, MB. Available at http://arctic-caribou.com/pdf/bqcmb_managementplan_detailed2014.pdfCARMA. 2012. Caribou herd information. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network. Web site: http://www.caff.is/carmaherds[accessed December 2012]COSEWIC. 2011. Designatable Units for Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON. 88 pp. Available at http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/D37AB818-5F3B-44DC-9D56-EE22C63F4512/COSEWIC_Caribou_DU_Report_23Dec2011.pdfCOSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC Status Report on Barren-ground caribou Rangifer tarandus in Canada. Draft - 2-month interim status report. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.Nagy, J.A., D. L. Johnson, N. C. Larter, M. W. Campbell, A. E. Derocher, A. Kelly, M. Dumond, D. Allaire, and B. Croft. 2011. Subpopulation structure of caribou (Rangifer tarandusL.) in arctic and subarctic Canada. Ecological Applications 21:2334–2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1410.1Poole, K. 2011. Methodology and sources for preparing seasonal shape files for caribou herds for CARMA. Unpublished document, Aurora Wildlife Research. 11 pp.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Bathurst Caribou Range Plan]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Total Human Disturbance]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[Human disturbance effects can be considered as either direct or indirect. Land use features, such as roads, settlements or mine sites, have a direct physical footprint that results in habitat loss or alteration. An area of indirect disturbance may exist around these physical footprints, where noise, dust, smells or other factors influence caribou’s use of habitat. This area of indirect disturbance around a human development feature is known as the zone of influence (ZOI). Caribou may avoid these zones of influence, use them less frequently, exhibit altered behavior,or have a higher mortality risk from harvest or predation within them. In GIS mapping, ZOI is estimated as a spatial buffer of a defined distance around a human development feature.The amount of direct and indirect human-caused disturbance in the Bathurst range planning area was calculated from an integrated GIS data set of human land use features/surface disturbances developed as part of the range planning exercise. The human land use feature mapping was created by compiling and merging available GIS information, with the Government of NWT Cumulative Impact Monitoring Program (CIMP) database (CIMP 2015) being the main input, supplemented and modified where necessary by the National Road Network and mineral industry-provided information used to support project assessment and permitting activities. Detailed mapping methods are described in Appendix A of the Caribou Range Assessment and Technical Information report developed in support of the Bathurst Caribou Range Planning process. Please contact Karin Clark, Cumulative Effects Biologist, GNWT to obtain a copy of this report.The ZOI extent around each human development feature was estimated based on literature reviews and values used in recent environmental assessments. Average ZOI extents for different feature types were used based on reported values and supportable rationale. The rationale and literature sources used to estimate ZOI extents are listed in Appendix B of the same aforementioned report.Human land use feature types represented in the Bathurst range planning area human development database, and their estimated zones of influence (ZOI) on barren-ground caribou.Feature TypeFeature ClassDescriptionEstimated ZOI (km)LinearAll-season Access RoadAny all-season road, including roads in Settlements (average 10m width)5Major Electrical Transmission CorridorAny major electrical utility corridor (e.g., Snare River) (average 30m clearing width)4Public All-season Paved HighwayAny all-season paved highway (e.g., NWT Highway #3 and #4) (average 60m clearing width)5Mainline All-season Access (Haul) RoadAny major all-season access or haul road (e.g., current Ekati Misery Road or potential future Izok Corridor road) (average 20m width)5Winter RoadAll winter roads (except main Tibbit to Contwoyto Winter Road) (average 12m width)1Tibbit to Contwoyto Winter RoadMainline Tibbit to Contwoyto Winter Road (average 40m width)4PolygonalAirstripActive airstrip with paved or unpaved surface5CampMineral exploration camp, lodges or similar5Communication TowerCommunication tower1General IndustrialVariety of general industrial features1Mineral ExplorationMineral exploration-related infrastructure and disturbances5Minesite (Active)Minesites under construction or in production14Minesite (Past or Closed)Past or closed minesites, either abandoned or under active reclamation5MiscellaneousVariety of uncertain industrial or non-industrial surface disturbances or infrastructure.1Marine PortFuture proposed or conceptual marine port/laydown facilities in Nunavut on the Arctic coast (e.g., Grays Bay or Bathurst Inlet)5Power Generation FacilityHydro power generation facilities (dams, spillways, powerhouses, and associated)5QuarryAny excavation site used for the purpose of developing aggregate, sand, crushed rock, etc.5SettlementAny permanent settlement with a recognized municipal boundary (e.g., City of Yellowknife, Whatì, etc.)15ZOI buffers from adjacent human land use features may overlap. To avoid double-counting ZOI buffers when calculating total human disturbance, ZOI buffers were applied to footprints in a hierarchy (Table 3), based on the following considerations:features with the largest ZOI assumptions occurred at the top of the hierarchy to reflect the relative magnitude of influence on caribou; polygonal features were ranked higher than linear features (with the same ZOI assumption), because the ZOIs assumptions reflect disturbance activities, which would likely be more consistent over time at a small polygonal feature compared to activity along a road. Also, from a practical perspective, the dissolve function in the GIS is simpler when a polygonal feature is ranked higher, because it eliminates the situation where a road (and associated ZOI) would bisect a polygonal feature if it happened to run through it. There would be many exceptions to these base assumptions, especially if one were to incorporate a feature-specific description of the intensity of activity associated with a polygonal or linear feature. However, for this landscape-level tracking exercise, in the absence of site-specific data and associated caribou responses, it was more appropriate to consider the hierarchy of feature-types at a strategic level, and not attempt to generate specific assumptions for each feature on the landscape.In April 2021 this layer was modified by adding the direct disturbance footprints from BIO_ENR_WFE_BathRnge_HumanDist_Footprint that have a ZOI (buffer distance) of zero, and by clarifying the attributes such that RAA = the actual Range Assessment Area that the ZOI or portion of ZOI falls into, and RAA_SOURCEFEATURE = the range assessment area that the associated direct disturbance footprint is in.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[During the process of developing the Bathurst Caribou Range Plan the Tłįchǫ Government and Athabasca Denesųłiné First Nations generously agreed to share spatial data on the traditional knowledge of water crossing locations. Spatial data on caribou crossings also existed within the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre’s database of archeological sites. This feature class represents these three merged datasets. Due to the sensitive nature of this water crossing data, exact geographic coordinates of each water crossing feature are not provided. Instead a subset 10km squared vector grid was created to define the current spatial extent for the merged datasets. Grid cells are attributed with the organizational contact information to direct interested parties to the appropriate points of contact for the dataset. The datasets being described within this feature class are shown without prejudice to identification of other water crossings. The datasets are considered incomplete as they are being added to and refined continuously; Water crossing features exist outside the spatial extent of this feature class. Detailed Methodology:To create a subset of grid cells to represent the spatial extent of contributed water crossing locations, geographic coordinates of the crossings were buffered by 15 kilometers and then spatially joined to a territory wide 10km by 10 km grid. Grid cells identified, thru the spatial join, to intersect the water crossing 15 km buffers, became the subset of grid cells representing the spatial extent of the water crossing datasets. Finally, the subset of grid cells was dissolved by contributing organisation into generalized polygons to facilitate reporting. Created: January 2020.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Fire History (NBAC/CNFDB) - NT1 Range]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[The National Burned Area Composite (NBAC) is a product created as a component of the Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System (FireMARS), jointly developed by the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/satellite-imagery-air-photos/applications-development/10822) (formerly the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing) of Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Forest Service. FireMARS was initially developed with funding support from the Canadian Space Agency Government Related Initiatives Program (http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/auot-eoau/eng/grip/about.aspx) through a collaboration of those in fire research (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/fire/13143), forest carbon accounting (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/13087) and remote sensing.NBAC is a national product compiled annually since 2004 by the FireMARS system which tracks forest fires for annual estimates of carbon emissions and to help identify National Forest Inventory plots that may have been disturbed by fire. See the FireMARS website at http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/fire/13159 and carbon accounting - disturbance monitoring website (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/13109) for additional information.Data from two types of providers is used to generate NBAC: 1) Natural Resources Canada, and 2) Provincial, Territorial, and Parks Canada agencies.A rule-based decision process is used to select the best data source for each fire event based on factors such as how well the burn polygon follows the shape of the fire as observed on post-burn satellite imagery, the data source itself, and what methods were used to delineate the burn. Not all fires are mapped and in areas where there was not a lot of fire activity to warrant satellite image mapping, agency data is used.==================================La Composite nationale des superficies brûlées (CNSB) fait partie du système FireMARS (Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System) mis au point par le Centre canadien de cartographie et d’observation de la Terre (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/sciences-terre/geomatique/imagerie-satellitaire-photos-aeriennes/developpement-applications/10972) (anciennement le Centre canadien de télédétection)et le Service canadien des forêts. Le système FireMARS a d'abord été rendu possible grâce à un soutien financier du Programme d'initiatives gouvernementales en observation de la Terre (IGOT) de l'Agence spatiale canadienne (http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/auot-eoau/fra/igot//About%20Grip.aspx) en collaboration avec les initiatives de recherche sur les feux (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/feux/13144), de comptabilisation du carbone forestier (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/changements-climatiques/13088) et de télédétection.CNSB est un produit national compilé annuellement depuis 2004 par le système FireMARS (Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System), qui fait le suivi des incendies de forêt afin d'estimer les émissions annuelles de carbone et de déterminer les parcelles de l'Inventaire forestier national (IFN) qui peuvent avoir été perturbées par les incendies.Pour obtenir plus de renseignements, consulter la page Web sur le système FireMARS (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/feux/13160) et la comptabilisation du carbone forestier - surveillance des perturbations (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/changements-climatiques/13110).Pour générer la CNSB, on utilise des données provenant de deux types de sources :1) Ressources naturelles Canada; 2) les organismes provinciaux et territoriaux et Parcs Canada.Un processus de décision basé sur des règles est utilisé dans la sélection desmeilleures sources de données pour chaque incendie, en fonction de divers facteurs : dans quelle mesure le polygone des surfaces brûlées correspond-elle à la forme de l'incendie observée sur l'imagerie satellitaire post-incendie, la source de données elle-même, ainsi que les méthodes qui ont été utilisées pour la délimitation de l'aire brûlée. Tous les incendies ne sont pas cartographiés; dans les régions où il n'y a pas eu beaucoup d'incendies pour justifier le recours à la cartographie par imagerie satellitaire, les données fournies par les organismes ont été utilisées.==================================The Canadian National Fire Database (CNFDB) Fire Point and Polygon Data is a collection of forest fire locations and fire perimeters as provided by Canadian fire management agencies including provinces, territories, and Parks Canada.To create the Canada-wide product, the data collected from each agency are projected into a common format and combined with data from other agencies; attribute fields are standardized; agency specific attribute fields are removed; and polygon areas are calculated using GIS. Note that the data contained in the CNFDB are not complete nor are they without error. Locations are approximate. Not all fires have been mapped, and data accuracy varies due to different mapping techniques. This collection includes only data that has been contributed by the agencies. Data completeness and quality vary among agencies and between years. For analyses for a single province or territory or for Parks Canada, we suggest you contact the appropriate agency. Links to the agency web sites can be found http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/ha/nfdb, or can be found through the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC) website at http://www.ciffc.caThe database is a large collaborative effort by all Canadian fire agencies. We thank the many individuals who contributed to this effort, including fire crews, field personnel, photo interpreters, pilots, digitizers, and analysts. Compilation of the Canada-wide database was partially supported by the Canadian government programs of ENFOR (ENergy from the FORest), the Program on Energy Research and Development, the Climate Change Action Fund, and Action Plan 2000. Please note that an End-User Agreement is required for accessing these data. Please refer to this agreement for information regarding restrictions of use -- http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/common/cwfis/End_User_Agreement_EN.htmlNOTE: There were 13 fire polygons from the CNFDB that had a fire Year value = -9999, but did have a Fire Decade assigned. The Year value for these fires were assigned the midpoint value of the fire decade (e.g. 1980-1989 was assigned a value of 1985). These represent fires from the 1980's and 1990's within the Yukon Territory and from within Wood Buffalo National Park. To identify these fires, look for fires in the "CFS_REF_ID" attribute field that contain the value 9980 or 9990. Some of these fires were also captured in the NBAC dataset, and, where this occurred, polygons from the NBAC dataset were retained, and polygons from the CNFDB were deleted.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[As part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping, across known caribou ranges, as of 2020. This data comprises a 5-year update to the mapping of 2015disturbances, and allows researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence.The original disturbance mapping was based on 30-metre resolution Landsat-5 imagery from 2008 -2010. The mapping process used in 2010and 2015 wererepeated using 2020Landsat imagery to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for a caribou resource selection function (habitat modeling) and to assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual provinces and territories across Canada. Disturbances were remapped across these ranges using 2020Landsat-8 satellite imagery to provide the most up-to-date data possible.As with the 2015 mapping project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery with 30-metre multi-band imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit MMU of 2 ha (approximately 22 contiguous 30-metre pixels) was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each type of anthropogenic disturbance, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters.Features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at the prescribed viewing scale. A 2nd interpreter quality-control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection.For the 30-metre database only, the line and poly data were buffered by a 500-metre radius, representing their extended zone of impact upon boreal caribou herds. These buffered datasets were used in the calculation of range disturbance levels and for integrated risk assessment analysis.(from https://open.canada.ca/data/dataset/a71ab99c-6756-4e56-9d2e-2a63246a5e94)]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[As part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping, across known caribou ranges, as of 2015. This data comprises a 5-year update to the mapping of 2008-2010 disturbances, and allows researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence.The original disturbance mapping was based on 30-metre resolution Landsat-5 imagery from 2008 -2010. The mapping process used in 2010 was repeated using 2015 Landsat imagery to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for a caribou resource selection function (habitat modeling) and to assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual provinces and territories across Canada. Disturbances were remapped across these ranges using 2015 Landsat-8 satellite imagery to provide the most up-to-date data possible.As with the 2010 mapping project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery with 30-metre multi-band imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit MMU of 2 ha (approximately 22 contiguous 30-metre pixels) was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each type of anthropogenic disturbance, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters.Features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at the prescribed viewing scale. A 2nd interpreter quality-control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection.For this 2015 update an additional, separate higher-resolution database was created by repeating the process using 15-metre panchromatic imagery(not included here).For the 30-metre database only, the line and poly data were buffered by a 500-metre radius, representing their extended zone of impact upon boreal caribou herds. These buffered datasets were used in the calculation of range disturbance levels and for integrated risk assessment analysis.(from https://open.canada.ca/data/dataset/a71ab99c-6756-4e56-9d2e-2a63246a5e94)]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[As part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou Environment Canada’s Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping across known caribou ranges. This data allowed researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence. The mapping process was established to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for caribou resource selection function,habitat modeling, and assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 57 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual Provinces and Territories across Canada. Disturbances were mapped across these ranges using 2008-2010 Landsat-5 satellite imagery to provide the most up to date data possible. Originally some areas were mapped to match the date of collected caribou demographic data, however more recent imagery was used and additional disturbance features that were seen since the original mapping date were added. Within the context of this project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 2 ha or approximately 22 contiguous Landsat pixels was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each anthropogenic feature type, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters. Various ancillary vector datasets were used as aids in detecting, classifying and digitizing disturbances on the Landsat imagery (a table listing these datasets and their sources has been included in a separate file). Ancillary data was used to guide interpretation and feature labelling since the ancillary data was often variable across the country in terms of completeness as well as scale. As a result, features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A 2nd interpreter quality control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, completete and consistent data collection. A quality assessment analysis, since an actual accuracy assessment was not possible, using high resolution SPOT imagery was carried out on a sample basis. Results are included in accompanying documentation. The vector data was buffered by 500m (radius) representing the zone of influence impacting boreal caribou herds in order to calculate range disturbance levels as well as for use in the integrated risk assessment analysis.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[As part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping, across known caribou ranges, as of 2020. This data comprises a 5-year update to the mapping of 2015disturbances, and allows researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence.The original disturbance mapping was based on 30-metre resolution Landsat-5 imagery from 2008 -2010. The mapping process used in 2010and 2015 wererepeated using 2020Landsat imagery to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for a caribou resource selection function (habitat modeling) and to assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual provinces and territories across Canada. Disturbances were remapped across these ranges using 2020Landsat-8 satellite imagery to provide the most up-to-date data possible.As with the 2015 mapping project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery with 30-metre multi-band imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit MMU of 2 ha (approximately 22 contiguous 30-metre pixels) was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each type of anthropogenic disturbance, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters.Features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at the prescribed viewing scale. A 2nd interpreter quality-control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection.For the 30-metre database only, the line and poly data were buffered by a 500-metre radius, representing their extended zone of impact upon boreal caribou herds. These buffered datasets were used in the calculation of range disturbance levels and for integrated risk assessment analysis.(from https://open.canada.ca/data/dataset/a71ab99c-6756-4e56-9d2e-2a63246a5e94)]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[This layer represents the combined, non-overlapping footprint, of 500 m buffered human (anthropogenic) disturbance mapped by ECCC in 2020and fires from 1985-2024 (40-yr fire footprint) based on fire polygons from the National Burn Area Composite dataset (1985-2024) and the Canadian National Fire Database (CNFDB) (1982-1985). Anthropogenic disturbance footprint within boreal caribou ranges across Canada - As interpreted from 2020Landsat satellite imagery as part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping across known caribou ranges. This data allowed researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence. The mapping process was established to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for caribou resource selection function, habitat modeling, and assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual Provinces and Territories across Canada. Disturbances were mapped across these ranges using 2008-2010 Landsat-5 satellite imagery to provide the most up to date data possible. Within the context of this project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 2 ha or approximately 22 contiguous Landsat pixels was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each anthropogenic feature type, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters. Various ancillary vector datasets were used as aids in detecting, classifying and digitizing disturbances on the Landsat imagery (a table listing these datasets and their sources has been included in a separate file). Ancillary data was used to guide interpretation and feature labeling since the ancillary data was often variable across the country in terms of completeness as well as scale. As a result, features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A 2nd interpreter quality control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection. The vector data was buffered by 500m (radius) representing the zone of influence impacting boreal caribou herds in order to calculate range disturbance levels as well as for use in the integrated risk assessment analysis. Fire polygons were merged into the anthropogenic footprint in order to create an overall disturbance footprint. This dataset provided an update to the previous 2008-2010 mapping. 2015 Landsat 8 imagery was used and features were added or deleted from the original database depending on whether they were visible or not. A 2nd interpreter was again used for quality assurance purposes, and similar to the original database a 500m buffer was applied to the anthropogenic disturbances.The National Burned Area Composite (NBAC) is a product created as a component of the Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System (FireMARS), jointly developed by the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/satellite-imagery-air-photos/applications-development/10822) (formerly the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing) of Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Forest Service. FireMARS was initially developed with funding support from the Canadian Space Agency Government Related Initiatives Program (http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/auot-eoau/eng/grip/about.aspx) through a collaboration of those in fire research (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/fire/13143), forest carbon accounting (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/13087) and remote sensing.NBAC is a national product compiled annually since 2004 by the FireMARS system which tracks forest fires for annual estimates of carbon emissions and to help identify National Forest Inventory plots that may have been disturbed by fire. See the FireMARS website at http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/fire/13159and carbon accounting - disturbance monitoring website (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/13109) for additional information.Data from two types of providers is used to generate NBAC: 1) Natural Resources Canada, and 2) Provincial, Territorial, and Parks Canada agencies.A rule-based decision process is used to select the best data source for each fire event based on factors such as how well the burn polygon follows the shape of the fire as observed on post-burn satellite imagery, the data source itself, and what methods were used to delineate the burn. Not all fires are mapped and in areas where there was not a lot of fire activity to warrant satellite image mapping, agency data is used.==================================La Composite nationale des superficies brûlées (CNSB) fait partie du système FireMARS (Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System) mis au point par le Centre canadien de cartographie et d’observation de la Terre (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/sciences-terre/geomatique/imagerie-satellitaire-photos-aeriennes/developpement-applications/10972) (anciennement le Centre canadien de télédétection)et le Service canadien des forêts. Le système FireMARS a d'abord été rendu possible grâce à un soutien financier du Programme d'initiatives gouvernementales en observation de la Terre (IGOT) de l'Agence spatiale canadienne (http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/auot-eoau/fra/igot//About%20Grip.aspx) en collaboration avec les initiatives de recherche sur les feux (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/feux/13144), de comptabilisation du carbone forestier (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/changements-climatiques/13088) et de télédétection.CNSB est un produit national compilé annuellement depuis 2004 par le système FireMARS (Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System), qui fait le suivi des incendies de forêt afin d'estimer les émissions annuelles de carbone et de déterminer les parcelles de l'Inventaire forestier national (IFN) qui peuvent avoir été perturbées par les incendies.Pour obtenir plus de renseignements, consulter la page Web sur le système FireMARS (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/feux/13160) et la comptabilisation du carbone forestier - surveillance des perturbations (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/changements-climatiques/13110).Pour générer la CNSB, on utilise des données provenant de deux types de sources :1) Ressources naturelles Canada; 2) les organismes provinciaux et territoriaux et Parcs Canada.Un processus de décision basé sur des règles est utilisé dans la sélection desmeilleures sources de données pour chaque incendie, en fonction de divers facteurs : dans quelle mesure le polygone des surfaces brûlées correspond-elle à la forme de l'incendie observée sur l'imagerie satellitaire post-incendie, la source de données elle-même, ainsi que les méthodes qui ont été utilisées pour la délimitation de l'aire brûlée. Tous les incendies ne sont pas cartographiés; dans les régions où il n'y a pas eu beaucoup d'incendies pour justifier le recours à la cartographie par imagerie satellitaire, les données fournies par les organismes ont été utilisées.==================================The Canadian National Fire Database (CNFDB) Fire Point and Polygon Data is a collection of forest fire locations and fire perimeters as provided by Canadian fire management agencies including provinces, territories, and Parks Canada.To create the Canada-wide product, the data collected from each agency are projected into a common format and combined with data from other agencies; attribute fields are standardized; agency specific attribute fields are removed; and polygon areas are calculated using GIS. Note that the data contained in the CNFDB are not complete nor are they without error. Locations are approximate. Not all fires have been mapped, and data accuracy varies due to different mapping techniques. This collection includes only data that has been contributed by the agencies. Data completeness and quality vary among agencies and between years. For analyses for a single province or territory or for Parks Canada, we suggest you contact the appropriate agency. Links to the agency web sites can be found http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/ha/nfdb, or can be found through the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC) website at http://www.ciffc.caThe database is a large collaborative effort by all Canadian fire agencies. We thank the many individuals who contributed to this effort, including fire crews, field personnel, photo interpreters, pilots, digitizers, and analysts. Compilation of the Canada-wide database was partially supported by the Canadian government programs of ENFOR (ENergy from the FORest), the Program on Energy Research and Development, the Climate Change Action Fund, and Action Plan 2000. Please note that an End-User Agreement is required for accessing these data. Please refer to this agreement for information regarding restrictions of use -- http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/common/cwfis/End_User_Agreement_EN.htmlNOTE: There were 13 fire polygons from the CNFDB that had a fire Year value = -9999, but did have a Fire Decade assigned. The Year value for these fires were assigned the midpoint value of the fire decade (e.g. 1980-1989 was assigned a value of 1985). These represent fires from the 1980's and 1990's within the Yukon Territory and from within Wood Buffalo National Park. To identify these fires, look for fires in the "CFS_REF_ID" attribute field that contain the value 9980 or 9990. Some of these fires were also captured in the NBAC dataset, and, where this occurred, polygons from the NBAC dataset were retained, and polygons from the CNFDB were deleted.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[This layer represents the combined, non-overlapping footprint of fires from 1981-2020(40-yr fire footprint) based on fire polgyons from the National Burn Area Composite dataset (1986-2021) and the Canadian National Fire Database (CNFDB) (1982-1985). The National Burned Area Composite (NBAC) is a product created as a component of the Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System (FireMARS), jointly developed by the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/satellite-imagery-air-photos/applications-development/10822) (formerly the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing) of Natural Resources Canadaand the Canadian Forest Service. FireMARS was initially developed with funding support from the Canadian Space Agency Government Related Initiatives Program (http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/auot-eoau/eng/grip/about.aspx) through a collaboration of those in fire research (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/fire/13143), forest carbon accounting (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/13087) and remote sensing.NBAC is a national product compiled annually since 2004 by the FireMARS system which tracks forest fires for annual estimates of carbon emissions and to help identify National Forest Inventory plots that may have been disturbed by fire.See the FireMARS website at http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/fire/13159and carbon accounting - disturbance monitoring website (http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/13109) for additional information.Data from two types of providers is used to generate NBAC: 1) Natural Resources Canada, and 2) Provincial, Territorial, and Parks Canada agencies.A rule-based decision process is used to select the best data source for each fire event based on factors such as how well the burn polygon follows the shape of the fire as observed on post-burn satellite imagery, the data source itself, and what methods were used to delineate the burn. Not all fires are mapped and in areas where there was not a lot of fire activity to warrant satellite image mapping, agency data is used.==================================La Composite nationale des superficies brûlées (CNSB) fait partie du système FireMARS (Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System) mis au point par le Centre canadien de cartographie et d’observation de la Terre (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/sciences-terre/geomatique/imagerie-satellitaire-photos-aeriennes/developpement-applications/10972) (anciennement le Centre canadien de télédétection)et le Service canadien des forêts. Le système FireMARS a d'abord été rendu possible grâce à un soutien financier du Programme d'initiatives gouvernementales en observation de la Terre (IGOT) de l'Agence spatiale canadienne (http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/auot-eoau/fra/igot//About%20Grip.aspx) en collaboration avec les initiatives de recherche sur les feux (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/feux/13144), de comptabilisation du carbone forestier (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/changements-climatiques/13088) et de télédétection.CNSB est un produit national compilé annuellement depuis 2004 par le système FireMARS (Fire Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System), qui fait le suivi des incendies de forêt afin d'estimer les émissions annuelles de carbone et de déterminer les parcelles de l'Inventaire forestier national (IFN) qui peuvent avoir été perturbées par les incendies.Pour obtenir plus de renseignements, consulter la page Web sur le système FireMARS (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/feux/13160) et la comptabilisation du carbone forestier - surveillance des perturbations (http://www.rncan.gc.ca/forets/changements-climatiques/13110).Pour générer la CNSB, on utilise des données provenant de deux types de sources :1) Ressources naturelles Canada; 2) les organismes provinciaux et territoriaux et Parcs Canada.Un processus de décision basé sur des règles est utilisé dans la sélection desmeilleures sources de données pour chaque incendie, en fonction de divers facteurs : dans quelle mesure le polygone des surfaces brûlées correspond-elle à la forme de l'incendie observée sur l'imagerie satellitaire post-incendie, la source de données elle-même, ainsi que les méthodes qui ont été utilisées pour la délimitation de l'aire brûlée. Tous les incendies ne sont pas cartographiés; dans les régions où il n'y a pas eu beaucoup d'incendies pour justifier le recours à la cartographie par imagerie satellitaire, les données fournies par les organismes ont été utilisées.==================================The Canadian National Fire Database (CNFDB) Fire Point and Polygon Data is a collection of forest fire locations and fire perimeters as provided by Canadian fire management agencies including provinces, territories, and Parks Canada.To create the Canada-wide product, the data collected from each agency are projected into a common format and combined with data from other agencies; attribute fields are standardized; agency specific attribute fields are removed; and polygon areas are calculated using GIS. Note that the data contained in the CNFDB are not complete nor are they without error. Locations are approximate. Not all fires have been mapped, and data accuracy varies due to different mapping techniques. This collection includes only data that has been contributed by the agencies. Data completeness and quality vary among agencies and between years. For analyses for a single province or territory or for Parks Canada, we suggest you contact the appropriate agency. Links to the agency web sites can be found http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/ha/nfdb, or can be found through the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC) website at http://www.ciffc.caThe database is a large collaborative effort by all Canadian fire agencies. We thank the many individuals who contributed to this effort, including fire crews, field personnel, photo interpreters, pilots, digitizers, and analysts. Compilation of the Canada-wide database was partially supported by the Canadian government programs of ENFOR (ENergy from the FORest), the Program on Energy Research and Development, the Climate Change Action Fund, and Action Plan 2000. Please note that an End-User Agreement is required for accessing these data. Please refer to this agreement for information regarding restrictions of use -- http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/common/cwfis/End_User_Agreement_EN.htmlNOTE: There were 13 fire polygons from the CNFDB that had a fire Year value = -9999, but did have a Fire Decade assigned. The Year value for these fires were assigned the midpoint value of the fire decade (e.g. 1980-1989 was assigned a value of 1985). These represent fires from the 1980's and 1990's within the Yukon Territory and from within Wood Buffalo National Park. To identify these fires, look for fires in the "CFS_REF_ID" attribute field that contain the value 9980 or 9990. Some of these fires were also captured in the NBAC dataset, and, where this occurred, polygons from the NBAC dataset were retained, and polygons from the CNFDB were deleted.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Polygonal human (anthropogenic) disturbance features mapped by ECCC in 2015 based on features visible on 1:50,000 Landsat imagery, clipped to the 2016 ENR, GNWT version of the NT1 boreal caribou rangeAnthropogenic disturbance footprint within boreal caribou ranges across Canada - As interpreted from 2015 Landsat satellite imagery as part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping across known caribou ranges. This data allowed researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence. The mapping process was established to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for caribou resource selection function, habitat modeling, and assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual Provinces and Territories across Canada. Disturbances were mapped across these ranges using 2008-2010 Landsat-5 satellite imagery to provide the most up to date data possible. Within the context of this project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 2 ha or approximately 22 contiguous Landsat pixels was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each anthropogenic feature type, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters. Various ancillary vector datasets were used as aids in detecting, classifying and digitizing disturbances on the Landsat imagery (a table listing these datasets and their sources has been included in a separate file). Ancillary data was used to guide interpretation and feature labelling since the ancillary data was often variable across the country in terms of completeness as well as scale. As a result, features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A 2nd interpreter quality control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection. This dataset provided an update to the previous 2008-2010, and 2015 mapping efforts. 2020 Landsat 8 imagery was used, and features were added to the original database; however, features previously digitized that were no longer visible were not removed.  A 2nd interpreter was again used for quality assurance purposes.For a more detailed description of the methods see:Pasher, J., E. Seed, and J. Duffe. 2013. Development of a boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbance layers for Canada based on 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 39(1): 42-58]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Linear (line) human (anthropogenic) disturbance features mapped by ECCC in 2020 based on features visible on 1:50,000 Landsat imagery, clipped to the 2016 ENR, GNWT version of the NT1 boreal caribou rangeAnthropogenic disturbance footprint within boreal caribou ranges across Canada - As interpreted from 2020 Landsat satellite imagery as part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping across known caribou ranges. This data allowed researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence. The mapping process was established to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for caribou resource selection function, habitat modeling, and assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual Provinces and Territories across Canada. Disturbances were mapped across these ranges using 2008-2010 Landsat-5 satellite imagery to provide the most up to date data possible. Within the context of this project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 2 ha or approximately 22 contiguous Landsat pixels was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each anthropogenic feature type, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters. Various ancillary vector datasets were used as aids in detecting, classifying and digitizing disturbances on the Landsat imagery (a table listing these datasets and their sources has been included in a separate file). Ancillary data was used to guide interpretation and feature labelling since the ancillary data was often variable across the country in terms of completeness as well as scale. As a result, features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A 2nd interpreter quality control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection. This dataset provided an update to the previous 2008-2010, and 2015 mapping efforts. 2020 Landsat 8 imagery was used, and features were added to the original database; however, features previously digitized that were no longer visible were not removed.  A 2nd interpreter was again used for quality assurance purposes.For a more detailed description of the methods seePasher, J., E. Seed, and J. Duffe. 2013. Development of a boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbance layers for Canada based on 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 39(1): 42-58]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Polygonal human (anthropogenic) disturbance features mapped by ECCC in 2015 based on features visible on 1:50,000 Landsat imagery, clipped to the 2016 ENR, GNWT version of the NT1 boreal caribou range.Anthropogenic disturbance footprint within boreal caribou ranges across Canada - As interpreted from 2015 Landsat satellite imagery as part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping across known caribou ranges. This data allowed researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence. The mapping process was established to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for caribou resource selection function, habitat modeling, and assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual Provinces and Territories across Canada. Disturbances were mapped across these ranges using 2008-2010 Landsat-5 satellite imagery to provide the most up to date data possible. Within the context of this project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 2 ha or approximately 22 contiguous Landsat pixels was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each anthropogenic feature type, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters. Various ancillary vector datasets were used as aids in detecting, classifying and digitizing disturbances on the Landsat imagery (a table listing these datasets and their sources has been included in a separate file). Ancillary data was used to guide interpretation and feature labelling since the ancillary data was often variable across the country in terms of completeness as well as scale. As a result, features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A 2nd interpreter quality control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection. The vector data was buffered by 500m (radius) representing the zone of influence impacting boreal caribou herds in order to calculate range disturbance levels as well as for use in the integrated risk assessment analysis. Fire polygons were merged into the anthropogenic footprint in order to create an overall disturbance footprint. This dataset provided an update to the previous 2008-2010 mapping. 2015 Landsat 8 imagery was used and features were added or deleted from the original database depending on whether they were visible or not. A 2nd interpreter was again used for quality assurance purposes, and similar to the original database a 500m buffer was applied to the anthropogenic disturbances and then merged with fire data from the past 40 years (1975-2015).For a more detailed description of the methods see:Pasher, J., E. Seed, and J. Duffe. 2013. Development of a boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbance layers for Canada based on 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 39(1): 42-58]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[Linear (line) human (anthropogenic) disturbance features mapped by ECCC in 2015 based on features visible on 1:50,000 Landsat imagery, clipped to the 2016 ENR, GNWT version of the NT1 boreal caribou range.Anthropogenic disturbance footprint within boreal caribou ranges across Canada - As interpreted from 2015 Landsat satellite imagery as part of a scientific assessment of critical habitat for boreal woodland caribou (Environment Canada 2011, see full reference in accompanying documentation), Environment Canada's Landscape Science and Technology Division was tasked with providing detailed anthropogenic disturbance mapping across known caribou ranges. This data allowed researchers to better understand the attributes that have a known effect on caribou population persistence. The mapping process was established to create a nationally consistent, reliable and repeatable geospatial dataset that followed a common methodology. The methods developed were focused on mapping disturbances at a specific point of time, and were not designed to identify the age of disturbances, which can be of particular interest for disturbances that can be considered non-permanent, for example cutblocks. The resultant datasets were used for caribou resource selection function, habitat modeling, and assess overall disturbance levels on each caribou ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances within 51 caribou ranges across Canada were mapped. The ranges were defined by individual Provinces and Territories across Canada. Disturbances were mapped across these ranges using 2008-2010 Landsat-5 satellite imagery to provide the most up to date data possible. Within the context of this project, anthropogenic disturbance was defined as any human-caused disturbance to the natural landscape that could be visually identified from Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 2 ha or approximately 22 contiguous Landsat pixels was selected. Each disturbance feature type was represented in the database by a line or polygon depending on their geometric description. Polygonal disturbances included: cutblocks, mines, reservoirs, built-up areas, well sites, agriculture, oil and gas facilities, as well as unknown features. Linear disturbances included: roads, railways, powerlines, seismic exploration lines, pipelines, dams, air strips, as well as unknown features. For each anthropogenic feature type, a clear description was established (see Appendix 7.2 of the science assessment) to maintain consistency in identifying the various disturbances in the imagery by the different interpreters. Various ancillary vector datasets were used as aids in detecting, classifying and digitizing disturbances on the Landsat imagery (a table listing these datasets and their sources has been included in a separate file). Ancillary data was used to guide interpretation and feature labelling since the ancillary data was often variable across the country in terms of completeness as well as scale. As a result, features were only digitized if they were visible in the Landsat imagery at a viewing scale of 1:50,000. A 2nd interpreter quality control phase was carried out to ensure high quality, complete and consistent data collection. The vector data was buffered by 500m (radius) representing the zone of influence impacting boreal caribou herds in order to calculate range disturbance levels as well as for use in the integrated risk assessment analysis. Fire polygons were merged into the anthropogenic footprint in order to create an overall disturbance footprint. This dataset provided an update to the previous 2008-2010 mapping. 2015 Landsat 8 imagery was used and features were added or deleted from the original database depending on whether they were visible or not. A 2nd interpreter was again used for quality assurance purposes. For a more detailed description of the methods see:Pasher, J., E. Seed, and J. Duffe. 2013. Development of a boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbance layers for Canada based on 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 39(1): 42-58]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Polygonal Human Disturbance 2010]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[The generation of geospatial thematic information for managing and monitoring Canada's boreal ecosystem is essential for researchers, land managers, and policy makers. Canada's boreal region is a vast mosaic of forests, wetlands, rivers and lakes, but anthropogenic disturbances have impacted these ecosystems resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation and threats to biodiversity. Across Canada various geospatial datasets representing anthropogenic disturbance exist for timber harvesting, hydroelectric activity, settlement and oil & gas activities; however, these products often vary in scale, attributes, time period, and mapping technique. Driven by the need for national data as part of the 2011 boreal caribou science assessment, a standardized methodology was developed and implemented to create a single geospatial dataset representing anthropogenic disturbances across a significant portion of Canada’s boreal ecosystem. The boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbances (BEAD) data is a vector disturbance dataset of individual linear and polygonal disturbance types that were manually collected through the interpretation of 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery at a 1:50,000 viewing scale. Summary results identified a total polygonal anthropogenic disturbance footprint of approximately 24 million ha with forest cutblocks accounting for more than 60 % of mapped polygonal disturbance. Linear disturbance features across the boreal total approximately 600,000 km with roads and seismic exploration lines contributing to more than 80 % of the mapped linear disturbances.]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[The generation of geospatial thematic information for managing and monitoring Canada's boreal ecosystem is essential for researchers, land managers, and policy makers. Canada's boreal region is a vast mosaic of forests, wetlands, rivers and lakes, but anthropogenic disturbances have impacted these ecosystems resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation and threats to biodiversity. Across Canada various geospatial datasets representing anthropogenic disturbance exist for timber harvesting, hydroelectric activity, settlement and oil & gas activities; however, these products often vary in scale, attributes, time period, and mapping technique. Driven by the need for national data as part of the 2011 boreal caribou science assessment, a standardized methodology was developed and implemented to create a single geospatial dataset representing anthropogenic disturbances across a significant portion of Canada’s boreal ecosystem. The boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbances (BEAD) data is a vector disturbance dataset of individual linear and polygonal disturbance types that were manually collected through the interpretation of 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery at a 1:50,000 viewing scale. Summary results identified a total polygonal anthropogenic disturbance footprint of approximately 24 million ha with forest cutblocks accounting for more than 60 % of mapped polygonal disturbance. Linear disturbance features across the boreal total approximately 600,000 km with roads and seismic exploration lines contributing to more than 80 % of the mapped linear disturbances.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Range Boundaries and Regional Range Planning Areas]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Wek’èezhı̀ı Interim Boreal Caribou Range Plan]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[Boreal caribou were listed as threatened under the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA) in 2003 and in the Northwest Territories (NWT) under the Species at Risk (NWT) Act in 2014. Under the federal and NWT recovery strategies for boreal caribou, GNWT committed to developing regional range plans for boreal caribou to manage habitat disturbance from human development activity and natural factors like wildfires. To initiate the process, an NWT Framework for Boreal Caribou Range Planning (the Framework) was created in August 2019. The Framework provides a coordinated and consistent approach for five regional range plans to be produced in the NWT. The Interim Wek’èezhı̀ı Boreal Caribou Range Plan (Interim Range Plan) is one of these five regional plans. The Interim Range Plan was prepared by the Wek’èezhı̀ı boreal caribou range plan working group, which is made up of representatives from Indigenous governments (Tłı̨chǫ Government, Yellowknives Dene First Nation, North Slave Métis Alliance), the Wek’èezhı̀ı Renewable Resources Board, Federal Government agencies(Environment and Climate Change Canada) and GNWT departments. An interim boreal caribou range plan was needed to meet the timeline required by Measure 6‐1, Part 1 of the Mackenzie Valley Environmental Impact Review Board’s Report of Environmental Assessment and Reasons for Decision for the Tłı̨chǫ All‐Season Road (TASR) project. This measure required that the Wek’èezhı̀ı boreal caribou range plan be completed and submitted to Wek’èezhı̀ı Renewable Resources Board 90 days before the opening of the TASR. The TASR opened in late November 2021.Together, Indigenous Knowledge and western scientific information were used to develop maps of important areas for boreal caribou. These maps were then used to develop different scenarios for management class areas. Some of these scenarios considered economic development potential and existing land protections to help define potential management class areas.The working group agreed to a final division of management classes as follows: 55% of habitat was assigned as Basic management class, 30% was assigned as Enhanced management class, and 15% was assigned as Intensive management class in the Wek’èezhı̀ı range planning region. This layer represents the boundaries of the final management classes. Section 8.1 (pages 100-122) describe the management actions that must be followed by Developers and Regulators within Enhanced and Intensive management class areas. Management actions with Basic management areas are recommended best practice.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Other Canada Boreal Caribou Range Boundaries]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[For boreal caribou, critical habitat identification describes the habitat that is necessary to maintain or recover self-sustaining local populations throughout their distribution. The Boreal caribou range dataset is based on the best available data provided by provincial and territorial jurisdictions (NT1 removed and can accessed separately), and also contains information related to Boreal caribou population and habitat condition. For more information: http://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=33FF100B-1(NT1 feature class DBO.BIO_ENR_WFE_BorealCaribou_NT1_range)]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[This is the set of "regions" that will be used for developing regional boreal caribou plans within the NWT. This is a combination of land claim boundaries (Inuvialuit, Gwichin, Sahtu, Tlicho) and the two remaining regions that are part of unsettled landclaims (South Slave and Dehcho ENR/ITI administrative regions) were combined to form the Southern NWT range planning region. The Yukon portion of the NT1 boreal caribou range is included as a separate range planning region. The boundaries have been modified to eliminate boundary slivers and holes. The boundaries have been modified to eliminate boundary slivers and holes. Modifications were done by Shawn Larocque (GNWT, Centre for Geomatics, 2016).]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[NT1 Boreal Caribou Range (GNWT 2016 version)]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[The Boreal Woodland Caribou population range was derived from the COSEWIC status report, Boreal Caribou National Technical Steering Committee files, and extensive input from ENR regional Biologists (Nic Later, Dean Cluff, Deb Johnson, Alasdair Vietch, and John Nagy). 2009 update: new boreal caribou ranges and northern mountain ranges based on updated research and findings with input from John Nagy. 2012 update: Rob Gau updated the NWT boreal caribou range based on collar location data and extensive input from ENR regional Biologists. This version of the range was used by Environment Canada in the 2012 National Recovery Strategy for Boreal Caribou. In June 2015, the range was corrected by ENR staff (A. Smith, B. Fournier, J. Wilson & J. Hodson) to fix oversights from 2012. Fixes included the following: Incorporating Big Island and surrounding islands (where Great Slave Lake flows into the Mackenzie River); extending the NWT range all the way to the Alberta border to fill a small gap; and other minor edits that were made in 2012 but had not been fully incorporated into the master file. The revised shapefile was provided to Environment Canada in June 2015. In 2016 the boundary was adjusted to line up with the Alberta/NWT border (A. Smith, ENR).]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Treeline]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[Below is the metadata for the dataset that the treeline was derived from.Integrated Landscape Units (ILUM) used to create the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM). The ILUM is the union of all individual data themes used to create the CAVM. The Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map shows the types of vegetation that occur across the Arctic, between the ice-covered Arctic Ocean to the north and the northern limit of forests to the south. The CAVM team grouped over 400 described plant communities into 16 different physiognomic units based on plant growth forms. An international team of arctic vegetation scientists representing the six countries of the Arctic (Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, and the United States) prepared the map. Detailed descriptions of the methods used to create the map can be found at: http://www.geobotany.uaf.edu/cavm/]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[ATLAS Vegetation]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Wooded Areas - 100k-300k scale]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[NTDB digital topographical dataset of NTS sheets within NWT, Nunavut and Yukon with northern parts of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba and Saskatchewan (to the 59th parallel). The National Topographic Data Base (NTDB) comprises digital vector data sets that cover the entire Canadian landmass. Geomatics Canada has digitized and structured thousands of topographic maps, creating a complete and uniform product that can be highly useful in a broad range of industries. The NTDB includes features such as watercourses, urban areas, railways, roads, vegetation, and relief.The organizational unit for the NTDB is the National Topographic System (NTS), based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). Each file (data set) consists of one NTS unit at either the 1:50,000 or 1:250,000 scale. Furthermore, the data is now available by themes within a file. The ground data is depicted through points, lines, and areas.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Human Footprints]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Polygonal Human Footprint - Below Treeline 2010 (ECCC)]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[The generation of geospatial thematic information for managing and monitoring Canada's boreal ecosystem is essential for researchers, land managers, and policy makers. Canada's boreal region is a vast mosaic of forests, wetlands, rivers and lakes, but anthropogenic disturbances have impacted these ecosystems resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation and threats to biodiversity. Across Canada various geospatial datasets representing anthropogenic disturbance exist for timber harvesting, hydroelectric activity, settlement and oil & gas activities; however, these products often vary in scale, attributes, time period, and mapping technique. Driven by the need for national data as part of the 2011 boreal caribou science assessment, a standardized methodology was developed and implemented to create a single geospatial dataset representing anthropogenic disturbances across a significant portion of Canada’s boreal ecosystem. The boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbances (BEAD) data is a vector disturbance dataset of individual linear and polygonal disturbance types that were manually collected through the interpretation of 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery at a 1:50,000 viewing scale. Summary results identified a total polygonal anthropogenic disturbance footprint of approximately 24 million ha with forest cutblocks accounting for more than 60 % of mapped polygonal disturbance. Linear disturbance features across the boreal total approximately 600,000 km with roads and seismic exploration lines contributing to more than 80 % of the mapped linear disturbances.]]></Abstract>
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          <Title><![CDATA[Polygonal Human Footprint - Below Treeline 2010 (ECCC)]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Linear Human Footprint - Below Treeline 2010 (ECCC)]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[The generation of geospatial thematic information for managing and monitoring Canada's boreal ecosystem is essential for researchers, land managers, and policy makers. Canada's boreal region is a vast mosaic of forests, wetlands, rivers and lakes, but anthropogenic disturbances have impacted these ecosystems resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation and threats to biodiversity. Across Canada various geospatial datasets representing anthropogenic disturbance exist for timber harvesting, hydroelectric activity, settlement and oil & gas activities; however, these products often vary in scale, attributes, time period, and mapping technique. Driven by the need for national data as part of the 2011 boreal caribou science assessment, a standardized methodology was developed and implemented to create a single geospatial dataset representing anthropogenic disturbances across a significant portion of Canada’s boreal ecosystem. The boreal ecosystem anthropogenic disturbances (BEAD) data is a vector disturbance dataset of individual linear and polygonal disturbance types that were manually collected through the interpretation of 2008 to 2010 Landsat imagery at a 1:50,000 viewing scale. Summary results identified a total polygonal anthropogenic disturbance footprint of approximately 24 million ha with forest cutblocks accounting for more than 60 % of mapped polygonal disturbance. Linear disturbance features across the boreal total approximately 600,000 km with roads and seismic exploration lines contributing to more than 80 % of the mapped linear disturbances. For a geometry prioritized listing of NWTCG seismic datasets see: NWTCG_SeismicData.xlsxat http://diims.pws.gov.nt.ca/gnwt/llisapi.dll/link/54154974]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Ecological Areas]]></Title>
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        <Name>56</Name>
        <Title><![CDATA[Level IV EcoRegions]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[]]></Abstract>
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          <Title><![CDATA[Level IV EcoRegions]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Level III EcoRegions]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Level II EcoRegions]]></Title>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Fire History]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[This dataset contains fire history data for the Northwest Territories dating back to 1965. From 1965 to 1985 the data is exclusively based on data collected from the fire management agency at the time. Starting in 1986 the data used is based on the most appropriate source from either agency collected data, the MAFiMS algorithm (using higher resolution imagery from sensors like Landsat 8 or Sentinel 2) or the HANDS algorithm (which uses coarse imagery from SPOT). Where possible the water and unburned green areas have been removed from fire polygon areas to improve the accuracy of fire perimeters. Water and unburned areas were only systematically removed from perimeters that are more recent than 1985.]]></Abstract>
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        <Title><![CDATA[Important Wildlife Areas in the Western NWT]]></Title>
        <Abstract><![CDATA[These data are for areas important to wildlife in the western Northwest Territories. The areas are based on discussions during 2006 to 2009 with communities, co-management boards, departmental staff, and others as well as review of available reports. Using specific criteria, key wildlife habitat areas were identified for barren-ground caribou, mountain woodland caribou, Peary caribou, Dolphin-Union caribou, Dall’s sheep, moose, mountain goat, muskox, wood bison, beaver, grizzly bear, polar bear, lynx, marten, muskrat, western toad, and peregrine falcon. Unique areas including warm and hot springs and mineral licks that are important for multiple species were also identified. The methodology, rationale, supporting information and maps are provided in Wilson and Haas (2012).]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[These data are for areas important to wildlife in the western Northwest Territories. The areas are based on discussions during 2006 to 2009 with communities, co-management boards, departmental staff, and others as well as review of available reports. Using specific criteria, key wildlife habitat areas were identified for barren-ground caribou, mountain woodland caribou, Peary caribou, Dolphin-Union caribou, Dall’s sheep, moose, mountain goat, muskox, wood bison, beaver, grizzly bear, polar bear, lynx, marten, muskrat, western toad, and peregrine falcon. Unique areas including warm and hot springs and mineral licks that are important for multiple species were also identified. The methodology, rationale, supporting information and maps are provided in Wilson and Haas (2012).]]></Abstract>
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        <Abstract><![CDATA[To enable hyperlinks in ArcMap, choose URL under the Display tab, and select the URL field in the attribute table for the file path to the photos using the IIS/webserver.To view/query/symbolize photo attributes and categories with the ELC_Photos feature class, perform the following table join: ELC_Photos to ELC_Photo_Attributes on Photo_ID / Photo_IDDefinitions and descriptions for attributes and comments are listed below.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONWAYPOINTGlobal Positioning System number generated by Garmin 76CSx® GPS receiver.DIGITAL_PHOTODigital photo number. These correspond one to one with waypoints, except for two periods. From July 5-8, 2005, multiple photographs were collected at waypoints. This practice was suspended because distances traveled by aircraft made location of multiple photos less precise than if one photo was taken within a few seconds of recording a waypoint location. On July 19 2011, numerous photos were taken at each of four ground stops.LATGenerated by GPS.LONGenerated by GPS.DAYDay on which GPS and photo were collected.MONTHMonth in which GPS and photo were collected.YEARYear in which GPS and photo were collected.DIRECTIONA general indication of the cardinal direction in which photo was taken. Typically determined by looking at GPS compass direction in which camera lens was pointing. Not all photos have directions. Those collected in mid-July 2005 and later are considered more reliable than early July 2005 records.COMMENTS1Comment pertaining to the theme of interest in a given photo. Key words were extracted from these comments and are the themes (e.g. peat_plateau, peat_polygon) that follow – see metadata for further information. These comments are unedited, and represent the best estimate of landscape features e.g geology and vegetation possible under varying light and weather conditions, flying altitudes, and observer familiarity during the 30 seconds that the observer had to frame the photo, decide on the theme, and collect the photo and GPS record. Not all photographs have comments. COMMENTS2Further expansion on Comments1 as necessary.Often used to capture extra information not in the photograph (e.g. size of wildlife groups, relevant maps for the area, interesting features).PEAT_PLATEAUA generally flat-topped expanse of peat, elevated above the general surface of a peatland, and containing segregated ice that may or may not extend downward into the underlying mineral soil.PEAT_POLYGONA peat plateau with ice-wedge polygons. Polygonal peat plateaus are commonly found near the boundary between the zones of discontinuous and continuous permafrost.PEAT_PALSAA peaty permafrost mound possessing a core of alternating layers of segregated ice and peat or mineral soil material. Palsas are typically between 1 and 7 m in height and a few metres to 100 m in diameter.PATTERNED_FENPeatland with a distinctive net-like pattern of low peat ridges topped by shrubs or trees and elongate pools and low spots occupied by sedges.PINGOA mound of earth-covered icefound in the Arctic, Subarctic, and Antarcticathat can reach up to 70 metresin height and up to 2 kilometres in diameter. The term originated as the Inuitword for a small hill.FEN_GENERALTheme assigned when a fen was the subject of a photo and there were no special distinguishing characteristics; generally vegetated by sedges and shrubs.FEN_SEDGEFens are peat-covered or peat-filled wetlands with a water table which is usually at or above the surface. The waters are mainly nutrient-rich, minerotrophic waters from mineral soils. The vegetation consists mainly of sedges, grasses, reeds and brown mosses with some shrub cover and at times, a scanty tree layer. Sedge fens are sedge dominated.FEN_SHOREFens that form along the margins of lakes; wide shore fens are more often associated with milder Boreal climates in the NWT.FEN_FLOATINGFens that form floating mats on lakes and ponds; extensive floating fens are more often associated with milder Boreal climates in the NWT.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTION"BRIGHT GREEN" FENSFens that support a vigorous growth of sedges and horsetails and that are more often associated with milder Boreal climates in the NWT.DRY MEADOWHerbaceous communities on moderately well-drained level to sloping landscapes.BOGOmbrotrophic (nutrient poor) peatland that is acidic (generally unaffected by nutrient-rich groundwater) and usually dominated by heath shrubs and Sphagnummosses and that may include open-growing, stunted woodlands of black spruce or other tree species.VENEER_BOGA bog occurring on gently sloping terrain underlain by generally discontinuous permafrost. Although drainage is predominantly below the surface, overland flow occurs in poorly defined drainage ways during peak runoff. Peat thickness is generally less than 1.5 m.GENERAL_ORGANICGeneral category for organic terrain that was not classified as fen, bog, or permafrost-affected.THERMOKARSTThe process by which characteristic landforms result from the thawing of ice-rich permafrost or the melting of massive ice.Generally, this term referenced the occurrence of thermokarst lakes in collapse scar areas.FLOW_PATTERNSAlso called runnels, these are a pattern of alternating flow channels and interchannel uplands perpendicular to contour. In permafrost-affected areas, light and dark-striped patterns on hill slopes are runnels; the light stripes are usually sparsely treed, lichen covered interchannel areas with permafrost close to the surface, and the dark stripes are shallow drainage channels vegetated by dwarf birch, willow and other shrubs with a deeper active layer. Common in the Taiga Plains and in the foothills and lower mountains slopes of the Cordillera, uncommon in the Taiga Shield.POLYGONAL_GROUNDGeneral term for frost-affected mineral soil where frost wedging and associated soil movement has created a pattern of polygonal cracks. Usually associated with cold High Subarctic and Arctic climates where permafrost is continuous.EARTH_HUMMOCKSA hummock having a core of silty and clayey mineral soil which may show evidence of cryoturbation . Earth hummocks are a type of nonsorted circle (see also patterned ground) commonly found in the zone of continuous permafrost. They develop in materials of a high silt and clay content and/or of high ice content.UNSORTED_CIRCLESCircular permafrost-formed features that are formed by frost action pushing stones and finer-textured materials to the surface; unlike sorted circles, these materials are not sorted into coarse outer rings and finer inner core areas, and are formed in warmer climates than sorted circles. Includes stripes and nets.SORTED_CIRCLESStone-bordered circles with fine textured materials in the center pushed up by frost action; they form in glacial environments near ice edges where it remains cold year-round. Includes stripes and nets.FROST_HEAVED_SHATTEREDGeneral term for bedrock that has been pushed up and shattered by frost action.ESKERA long, usually narrow ridge of coarse-textured materials deposited on or under glaciers by flowing meltwaters. Eskers can be tens of meters high and hundreds of kilometers long.CREVASSE_FILLINGUnsorted deposits formed by glacial debris falling into glacial crevasses; these are left behind as often angular ridges that intersect each other at steep angles.KAMEA conical hill or irregular ridge of sand and gravel that was deposited in contact with glacier ice.PATTERNED_GROUNDA general term for circles, polygons, stripes, nets, and steps created by frost action.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONTILLA mound, ridge, or other distinct accumulation of generally unsorted, unstratified glacial drift, predominantly till, deposited chiefly by direct action of glacier ice, in a variety of topographic landforms that are independent of control by the surface on which the drift lies.DRUMLINSSmooth, elongated hills created by flowing glacial ice . The long axis and tapered end are oriented in the direction of glacial ice flow.FLUTEDElongated features formed by the movement of glacial ice and the scouring of bedrock or mineral materials in the direction of flow.LINEAR_FEATURESGeneral term for landscape features of linear form and uncertain genesis.BEDROCKBedrock.EOLIANWind-deposited materials, typically sands and silts.ALLUVIALPertaining to materials deposited by flowing waters in the recent past; textures range from boulders and gravels to silts and clays.MELTWATER_CHANNELSErosional features formed by glacial meltwaters; they may be dry, or occupied by remnant lakes, or underfit streamsGLACIOFLUVIALPertaining to materials deposited by flowing glacial meltwaters; textures range from boulders and gravels to silts and clays.LACUSTRINETypically fine-textured (silts and clays)OUTWASHMaterials washed from a glacier by flowing water and laid down as stratified sorted beds. Generally, it is made up of stratified sand and/or gravel.KARSTSurface and subsurface features created by the dissolving of soluble rock such as limestone or gypsum, which results in such features as caverns and sinkholes.BEACH_RIDGEA linear feature that follows the shoreline of a former glacial lake; it is composed of coarse-textured materials left behind as the lake levels receded and the land rose following melting of thick glacial ice sheets.COLLUVIUMUnconsolidated materials moved by gravity, often occurring at the base of a slope. Also refers to well-weathered till which is generally indicated by rounded hills and gently undulating terrain.VENEER_DISCONTINUOUSRelating to till, glaciofluvial, eolian, lacustrine or other deposits that form a thin, discontinuous cover less than a meter thick over bedrock.UNDULATINGA landform with a regular sequence of gentle slopes producing a wavelike pattern of low local relief. Slopes are generally less than 0.8 km long with gradients of less than 5%.ROLLINGA landform characterized by a regular sequence of moderate slopes producing a wavelike pattern of moderate relief (20 m to 100 m). Slope lengths are often 1.6 km or greater with gradients usually greater than 5%.HUMMOCKYA landform characterized by a complex surface of low- to moderate-relief (local relief generally less than 10 m) knolls and mounds of glacial sediments separated by irregular depressions, all of which lack linear or lobate forms (also called knob and kettle). Slopes are generally less than 0.8 km with gradients of greater 5% to 30%.RIDGEDA landform with a sharp crest and well-defined sideslopes.HILLYLarge landform elements with local relief in the 200 to 500 m range. This includes foothills, dissected plateaus and major uplands.LEVELPertaining to areas with low or no slopes.SLOPEPertaining to areas with notable slopes.DISSECTEDPertaining to areas where streams or erosion have created deep rills and gullies.ESCARPMENTA steep slope or long cliff that results from erosion or faulting and separates two relatively level areas of differing elevations.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONSLOPE_FAILUREGeneral term for mass wasting processes that cause the downslope movement of mineral or organic soils.PLATEAUAn elevated area with steep-sided slopes and a relatively level surfaceFOOTHILLHills adjacent to mountain ranges.RIVERRiver.BLUE_LAKESGeneral term used in 2006 and subsequently to describe blue-tinted lakes that probably have silty inputs; considered useful as probable indicators of lacustrine deposits.BROWN_LAKESGeneral term used in 2006 and subsequently to describe brown-tinted lakes where the water has been colored in part by dissolved organic components; are more common and widespread in warmer boreal climates in the NWT.PANORAMICGeneral term used to describe photographs taken in a circular pattern.LANDSCAPEGeneral term used to indicate a non-specific landscape view. Not of much use in classificationVEG_GENERALGeneral term used to indicate vegetation theme. Not of much use in classification.DECID_GENERALGeneral term used to indicate deciduous (forested) areas where the tree composition was difficult to define.ASPENDeciduous trees judged to be trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides).WHITE_BIRCHDeciduous trees judged to be white or Alaska birch (Betula papyrifera, Betula neoalaskana).MIXEDWOODMixtures of deciduous and coniferous trees.CONIFER_GENERALGeneral term used to indicate coniferous (forested) areas where the tree composition was difficult to define.JACKPINEConiferous trees judged to be jack pine (Pinus banksiana).LODGEPOLE_PINEConiferous trees judged to be lodgepole pine (Pinus contortavar. latifolia).SPRUCE_GENERALConifers judged to be a mix of black and white spruce, where the composition was difficult to determine.WHITE_SPRUCEConiferous trees judged to be white spruce (Picea glauca).BLACK_SPRUCEConiferous trees judged to be black spruce (Picea mariana).TAMARACKConiferous trees judged to be tamarack (Larix laricina).FIRConiferous trees judged to be subalpine fir (Abies bicolor).TREELINEPlace at which tree growth essentially ceases because of climatic or physiographic constraints. BOG_BIRCHShrubs judged to be bog or ground birch (Betula glandulosa)YELLOW_BLACK_LICHENYellow (Cetraria) and black (Cornicularia) lichens associated with dry till drumlins and polygonal ground in the eastern NWT Taiga Shield are indicators of colder, dry climates and were therefore noted.PLANT_SPECIESGeneral term used to indicate locales where there could be plant species of interest.LILYPADSVariegated pond lily is considered to be a relative indicator of climate, forming relatively large colonies in warmer Boreal areas of NWT and occurring only as scattered individuals or not at all in cold High Subarctic climates.BURNSGeneral category for recent to old burns.FIRE_05Active fires noted in 2005.FIRE_06Active fires noted in 2006.FLOODEDFlooding noted.CALCAREOUSCalcareous deposits noted.SALINESaline area.SOILSoil information (usually a reference to soil pits or other ground samples).SPRINGSpring or seep.SPECFEATFeatures considered to be locally or regionally special (e.g. springs, saline areas, long eskers).FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONWILDLIFEGeneral wildlife observations.CARIBOUCaribou observations (generally tracks).BEAVERObservations of beaver activity (dams, houses).STICK_NESTSOspreys and other raptors build nests of sticks on exposed boulders in lakes in the Taiga Shield where surrounding forests do not have trees large enough to nest in. Abundant stick nests could be related to slow forest growth in colder climates and were therefore notable features.PEOPLEGeneral photos of people engaged in various activities.PLACESGeneral photos of locales, towns etc.AIRCRAFTAircraft photos.LANDUSE_ACTIVITIESVarious land use activities (e.g. mining, recreation, forest harvesting).PLOTSDenotes photographs taken at or near survey ground plot locations.WEATHERInteresting weather-related photos.BALSAM_POPLARBalsam poplar like other deciduous tree species is an indicator of milder boreal conditions regionally, where it occurs as groves or mixtures with conifers or aspen, or locally warmer conditions. It appears to be more tolerant of cold conditions than other deciduous tree species and has been found well north of the regional tree line in relatively warm microclimates. PACIFIC CORDILLERAN VEGETATIONSubalpine fir (Abies bifolia) and other species such as valerian (Valeriana sitchensis) and triangle-leaved ragwort (Senecio triangularis) that are typical in relatively mild and snowy high subalpine and alpine communities of British Columbia and Alberta; indicative of areas with snowy, somewhat milder conditions and used to differentiate between Level III Mid-Boreal and High Boreal Ecoregions in the Northwest Territories Cordillera.LIMESTONE_PAVEMENTA descriptive term indicative of extensive, sparsely vegetated or barren level to steeply sloping limestone slabs.AUFEISAreas of remnant ice that persist along streams well into the summer; indicative of springs that may create open water and fish habitat in the streams during winter. DALL_SHEEPA subspecies of mountain sheep found in the Northwest Territories Cordillera; observed where noted.MOOSEObserved where noted.SWANSObserved wherenoted.GOATObserved where noted.LICHEN_SHRUB_WOODLANDSA forest type readily recognizable from aerial surveys; open coniferous (white and black spruce) stands with an understory of lichens an shrubs.SHRUB_TUNDRATundra areas dominated by low shrubs (usually SEDGE_TUNDRATundra areas dominated by sedgesLICHEN_TUNDRATundra areas dominated by lichensBRAIDED_ALLUVIUMShallow stream channels that crisscross, generally dry or with shallow water, on broad gravelly and coarse sandy alluvial plains.DRY_BARREN_MOUNTAINSA widespread mountain form characterized by mostly bare rock, contracted vegetation (gullies, lower slopes, stream channels) and little remnant snow or evident wetlands.ROCK_TALUS_GLACIERIce-cored lobes generally at the base of talus slopes or in valley bottoms, common in Cordilleran areasICE_GLACIER_ICEFIELDCommon in Cordilleran areas and localized in the Arctic IslandsMULTICOLORED_STRATAA general descriptive term to describe the appearance of mountains in the 2007 Cordillera surveyU-SHAPED VALLEYA general descriptive term that helped to identify those areas that were likely influenced by glaciation as indicated by ice-scouring of valley walls.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONACTIVE_COLLUVIATIONPlaces where talus and other debris from rockfall or slope movements are actively being deposited.BRIGHT_GREEN_TUNDRAAreas of tundra with a bright green colour may be unusually rich and moist, and may harbour species such as Pacific-Cordilleran indicators. These tundra types are more common in the southwest Cordillera areas.BLACK_SHALESShale colour could be related to some characteristic that affects plant growth. Black shales will absorb sunlight (and radiate it away in the evenings). Often supported more continuous vegetation than areas judged to be limestones or sandstones.PURPLE_SHALESSeemed to be associated with vegetation in areas where Dall sheep were more numerous.RED_ORANGE_BROWN_SHALESOften supported more continuous vegetation than areas judged to be limestones or sandstones.LIMESTONESLow-reliability assessment of lithology based on general form and colour.SANDSTONESLow-reliability assessment of lithology based on general form and colour.SHALESLow-reliability assessment of lithology based on general form and colour.RESISTANT_ROCKSGeneral assessment of erosion effects. Resistant rocks typically support less vegetation than bedrock that is erodable, like shaleBOULDERY_COLLUVIUMTalus with a mix of cobbles and boulders (small to very large).RUNNELSA pattern of alternating flow channels and interchannel uplands perpendicular to contour. In permafrost-affected areas, light and dark-striped patterns on hill slopes are runnels; the light stripes are usually sparsely treed, lichen covered interchannel areas with permafrost close to the surface and the dark stripes are shallow drainage channels vegetated by dwarf birch, willow and other shrubs with a thicker active layer.SOLIFLUCTIONThe downslope movement of water-saturated soil in a viscous or plastic state over an impermeable layer, often permafrost. The presence of an impermeable permafrost layer prevents the internal drainage of the soil, forcing the soil to flow down the slope. During warm periods the surface layer thaws and slides across the frozen layer, slowly moving downslope due to frost heave.ROCKLANDAreas that are clearly dominated by bedrock or bouldery deposits (i.e. generally greater than 80% of the ground surface)HIGH_CENTRE_POLYGONSSee LOW_CENTRE_POLYGONS. Both high- and low-centre polygons are features that are readily available from the air and that are useful in determining landscape characteristics such as regional climate and soil moisture.LOW_CENTRE_POLYGONS#A feature of continuous permafrost in wet terrain (e.g., drained lakes). Ice wedges develop in cracks, pushing up soil ridges adjacent to the wedges and creating dams that trap water inside the resulting polygons. The features appear as high-rimmed ridges surrounding wet shallow central pools of water. Over hundreds or thousands of years, peat deposits build up and eventually create a dome-shaped surface; these features are referred to as high-centre polygons.ICE_WEDGE_POLYGONS#A widespread characteristic of the Southern and Northern Arctic, more typical of colder (Mid-Arctic and High Arctic) climates. They are features associated with areas of continuous permafrost in dry to moist mineral soil. When soil cools quickly, it shrinks and cracks form. Spring and summer meltwater flow into the cracks and freeze upon contacting the permafrost, creating ice wedges. This ice wedge cracks in subsequent years and ice accretion continues; the ice wedge can become a metre or more in width.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONNON_SORTED_CIRCLESA non-sorted circle is a patterned ground form that is equidimensional in several directions, with a dominantly circular outline which lacks a well-defined border of stones and has a centre composed of a mixture of textures from fine through coarse mixed with gravels, cobbles and boulders. A network of non-sorted circles that meet is referred to as a non-sorted net. A very common feature of the Southern and Northern Arctic.NON_SORTED_STRIPESNon-sorted stripes form under the same influence of frost action as non-sorted circles, but because they form on slopes, they flow and elongate perpendicular to contour. Very common feature of the Southern and Northern Arctic.MARINECurrently or in the recent past influenced by ocean waters (flooding and deposition, salt spray area etc.).TIDAL_FLATSAreas that are frequently affected by saline ocean waters, often largely unvegetated.MUSKOXObservations of muskoxen.WOLFObservations of wolves.MINKObservations of mink.GROUND_SQUIRRELObservations of ground squirrels or their colonies.RAPTOR_NESTSObservations of raptor nests, usually associated with cliffs.BELUGA_WHALESObservations of beluga whales.SNW_GEESEObservations of snow geese – most of these observations were made on Banks Island where there are large breeding populations.BAR_SDTAn abbreviation standing for “barren to sparse dry tundra”, usually less than about 5% total vegetation cover. The type of tundra generally associated with “dry tundra” in this and the following field names containing “SDT” FDT” and “GDT” is dominated by mountain avens (Dryas integrifolia) and sedge (Carex rupestris) with other prostrate shrubs (Salixspp.), forbs, grasses, sedges, mosses and lichens on non-acidic soils. The grayish-green tones characteristic of these areas are due to very small greenish-gray Dryas leaves with a whitish tomentum and a high proportion of dead gray-coloured leaves in Dryaspatches. Where this particular class occurs on the islands north of M’Clure Strait, the sparse dry tundra component typically has other types of dwarf prostrate shrub or cushion forbs (e.g. Saxifraga oppositifolia) SDT”Sparse dry tundra” (Dryas- dominated, scattered dark patches visible, These “dry tundra” classes were mainly associated with dry landscapes on Banks and Victoria Islands, with a few scattered occurrences on favorable locales of Prince Patrick, Eglinton and Melville Islands north of M’Clure Strait. SDT_FDTA complex of “sparse dry tundra” and “fair dry tundra”SDT_GDTA complex of “sparse dry tundra” and “good dry tundra”FDT“Fair dry tundra”, coverage (20-50% - mostly in stripes associated with shallow erosion rills (non-sorted stripes) - grayish green or very dark green colouration, see “BAR_SDT” for composition).FDT_GDTA complex of “fair dry tundra” and “good dry tundra”GDT“Good dry tundra”, tundra development evident in and between erosional/permafrost stripes (>50% total cover, grayish green or very dark green colouration, see “BAR_SDT” for composition.)FMT“Fair moist tundra” is characteristic mainly of the north end of Banks Island and a few other locales on Banks and Victoria Islands, with a few scattered occurrences on favorable locales of Prince Patrick, Eglinton and Melville Islands north of M’Clure Strait. The characteristics of FMT and GMT that differentiate it from FDT and GDT are larger, deeper green Dryas leaves with less gray-toned dead carryover, more extensive prostrate willow growth, and a more diverse assortment of forbs, grasses and sedges. Soils tend to have more organic enrichment also. 30-70% total cover.FIELD NAMEDESCRIPTIONFMT_GMTA complex of “fair moist tundra” and “good moist tundra”GMT“Good moist tundra” is characteristic mainly of the north end of Banks Island and a few other locales on Banks and Victoria Islands, with a few scattered occurrences on favorable locales of Prince Patrick, Eglinton and Melville Islands north of M’Clure Strait. > 70% total cover.ST_LT5“ST” classes occupy lowlands with a high water table (moist to wet) or occur below snow patches and are not high centre or low centre polygons. ST stands for “seepage tundra” although not all observations assigned this label are receiving seepage water. ST_LT5 means less than 5% seepage tundra in the general area ST5_105-10% seepage tundraST20_3020-30% seepage tundraST40_5040-50% seepage tundra. Most common in fluvial and lacustrine areas.ST60_7060-70% seepage tundra. Most common in fluvial and lacustrine areas.ST80PLUSMore than 80% seepage tundra. Most common in fluvial and lacustrine areas.CRYPTOGAMAreas in the High Arctic that are covered with a black crust of algae, bacteria and lichens. A few scattered vascular plants also occur. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).CB_CRYPT_BARRENSAreas in the High Arctic where cryptogams occur, but most of the ground surface is devoid of vascular or non-vascular plant growth. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).PB_PURPLE_SAXIFRAGE_BARRENSAreas in the High Arctic where purple saxifrage (Saxifraga oppositifolia), a cushion forb, is the dominant plant but occurs in scattered patches, with mostly bare ground. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).HB_HERBACEOUS_BARRENSAreas in the High Arctic where herbaceous species like poppy are the dominant plants but occurs in scattered patches, with mostly bare ground. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).GB_GRASS_BARRENSAreas in the High Arctic where grasses are the dominant plants but occurs in scattered patches, with mostly bare ground. There are very few or no shrubs or sedges. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).LB_LUZULA_BARRENSAreas where wood rush (Luzula spp.) are the dominant plants but occur in scattered patches, with mostly bare ground. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).WB_WILLOW_DRYAS_BARRENSAreas in the High Arctic where willow and mountain avens occur together on neutral to alkaline soils, but in scattered patches, with mostly bare ground. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).PT_PURPLE_SAXIFRAGE_TUNDRAAreas in the High Arctic where purple saxifrage, cryptogams, grasses and a few herbs (Oxyria digyna, Papaver, Saxifraga) cover 20-60% of the ground surface. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).GM_GRASS_MEADOWSAreas in the High Arcticwhere grasses such as Alopecuris alpinusare dominant and cover 20-60% of the ground – there are very few or no shrubs or sedges, and a low diversity of other vascular plants (Saxifraga, Papaver, Oxyria, Luzula, etc.). Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).LT_LUZULA_TUNDRAAreas in the High Arctic dominated by Luzula – often a golden-brown hue, differentiating it from “dry tundra” types of the southern islands and other tundra types in the High Arctic. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).WM_DRYAS_WILLOW_MEADOWSAreas in the northern islands (Prince Patrick, Eglinton, Melville) where somewhat warmer conditions prevail (usually Dryas and Salixsimilar to that in the Mid-Arctic of the southern islands (Banks, Victoria) with a similar suite of associated herbs, grasses and sedges. The occurrence of these vegetation features on Melville Island assisted in the delineation of Mid-Arctic pockets in sheltered inlets. Based on a classification developed by Edlund (1990).]]></Abstract>
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