Layer: Nagwichoonjik National Historic Site (ID: 206)

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Name: Nagwichoonjik National Historic Site

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Description: Heritage ValueNagwichoonjik (Mackenzie River) was designated a national historic site of Canada because:- it is prominent as a cultural landscape within the Gwichya Gwich’in traditional territory;- it is culturally, socially and spiritually significant to the people; - the history of life on the land and along the river is remembered through names that are given to a great number of places on the land and along the river.The heritage value of Nagwichoonjik (Mackenzie River) is reflected in the cultural landscape along the river that reflects the river’s role as a principal repository of the stories (oral histories) that suffuse with meaning the history of the landscape as the Gwichya Gwich’in know it. The traditional lifestyle of the Gwichya Gwich’in has been shaped by their close connection with the land and the river, and many points along the river play an essential role in the transmission and survival of Gwich’in culture. Nagwichoonjik represents the complex sets of relationships between the Gwich’in people, their traditional lands and their past, before and after the arrival of the European explorers.Sources: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada Minutes, June 1997; Commemorative Integrity Statement.Character-Defining ElementsKey elements that contribute to the heritage character of the site include:- the Mackenzie River and the land along its banks between Thunder River and Point Separation in its location and as a dramatic river valley consisting of a wide waterway, beaches, high cliffs in some places and gentle slopes in others, cut with many creeks, and displaying human impacts from pre-contact to modern times;- archaeological evidence of Gwich’in use, including camps, settlements, fisheries, quarries, connecting trails and trail heads, burial places, ritual and sacred places;- the health and wholeness of the riparian ecosystem (its water quality, quantity, rates of flow, sandbars and siltation, fish quality, the health of species such as inconnu and moose;- the undisturbed land and unimpeded views of the river and along the valley from the river; - sacred sites along the river (currently being identified by the Gwich’in Cultural Institute);- ritual sites along the river (currently being identified by the Gwich’in Cultural Institute);- Gwich’in knowledge of traditional place names along the river.Historic Sites and Monuments Act, 1997/06/05from: http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=9161Nagwichoonjik is managed by the Gwich’in Tribal Council, a First Nations governing body established pursuant to the Gwich’in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement (1992), working in co-operation with Gwich’in organizations like the Gwichya Gwich’in Council of Tsiigehtchic and Gwich’in Social and Cultural Institute along with various government agencies including Parks Canada. Parks Canada has worked closely with these Gwich’in organizations in developing a Commemorative Integrity Statement for the Nagwichoonjik National Historic Site of Canada. This important document identifies what is meant by commemorative integrity at this site and forms the basis for future planning, management and operation of the Nagwichoonjik National Historic Site of Canada. (http://www.pc.gc.ca/APPS/CP-NR/release_e.asp?bgid=618&andor1=bg)The Nagwichoonjik National Historic Site was designated in 1997 as an Aboriginal Cultural Landscape. It includes a 175 km stretch of the Mackenzie River from Vihtr'ii Tshik (Thunder River) to Srehtadhadlâîî (Point Separation), making it the largest National Historic Sitein Canada. The boundaries of the site reach 5 km inland from the river to ensure that all the major archaeological and cultural sites affiliated with it are included (The Canadian Encyclopedia, http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0010484)

Copyright Text: Federal Site under the Historic Sites and Monuments Act as of 1997/06/05 Digital boundaries provided by the Gwich'in Land and Water Board via the NWT-PAS in 2006.

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